Oceanography The Official Magazine of
The Oceanography Society
Volume 32 Issue 01

View Issue TOC
Volume 32, No. 1
Pages 98 - 101

OpenAccess

Listening Down the Pipe

By Evan A. Solomon , Keir Becker, Achim J. Kopf, and Earl E. Davis 
Jump to
Article Abstract Citation References Copyright & Usage
Article Abstract

Since 1991, over 30 borehole observatories have been installed by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, and the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP), mostly in young oceanic crust and in subduction zones. These installations have provided a sustained presence in the subseafloor environment, enabling collection of a new generation of long-term, time-series data sets of temperature, pressure, and deformation, as well as continuous fluid sampling and in situ active experimentation. These multidisciplinary observations have pushed the frontiers of knowledge about Earth’s linked geodynamic, hydrological, geochemical, and biological processes.

Citation

Solomon, E.A., K. Becker, A.J. Kopf, and E.E. Davis. 2019. Listening down the pipe. Oceanography 32(1):98–101, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.128.

References
    Araki, E., D.M. Saffer, A.J. Kopf, L.M. Wallace, T. Kimura, Y. Machida, S. Ide, E. Davis, and IODP Expedition 365 Shipboard Scientists. 2017. Recurring and triggered slow-slip events near the trench at the Nankai Trough subduction megathrust. Science 356:1,157–1,160, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan3120.
  1. Becker, K., and E.E. Davis. 2004. In situ determinations of the permeability of the igneous oceanic crust. Pp. 189–224 in Hydrogeology of the Oceanic Lithosphere. E. Davis and H. Elderfield, eds, Cambridge University Press.
  2. Becker, K., and E.E. Davis. 2005. A review of CORK designs and operations during the Ocean Drilling Program. In Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, v. 301. A.T. Fisher, T. Urabe, A. Klaus, and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc., College Station, TX, https://doi.org/​10.2204/iodp.proc.301.104.2005.
  3. Cowen, J.P., S.G. Giovannoni, G. Kenig, H.P. Johnson, D. Butterfield, M.S. Rappe, M. Hutnak, and P. Lam. 2003. Fluids from aging ocean crust that support microbial life. Science 299:120–123, https://doi.org/​10.1126/science.1075653.
  4. Cowen, J.P., D. Copson, J. Jolly, C.C. Hsieh, B.T. Glazer, and C.G. Wheat. 2012. Advanced instrument system for real-time and time-series microbial geochemical sampling of the deep (basaltic) crustal biosphere. Deep Sea Research Part I 61:43–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2011.11.004.
  5. Davis, E.E., and K. Becker. 2004. Observations of temperature and pressure: Constraints on ocean crustal hydrologic state, properties, and flow. Pp. 225–271 in Hydrogeology of the Oceanic Lithosphere. E. Davis and H. Elderfield, eds, Cambridge University Press.
  6. Davis, E.E., K. Becker, R. Dziak, J. Cassidy, K. Wang, and M. Lilley. 2004. Hydrologic response to a seafloor spreading episode on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Nature 430:335–338, https://doi.org/​10.1038/nature02755.
  7. Davis, E., M. Kinoshita, K. Becker, K. Wang, Y. Asano, and Y. Ito. 2013. Episodic deformation and inferred slow slip at the Nankai subduction zone during the first decade of CORK borehole pressure and VLFE monitoring. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 368:110–118, https://doi.org/10.1016/​j.epsl.2013.03.009.
  8. Davis, E., K. Becker, M. Kyo, and T. Kimura. 2018. Foundational experiences and recent advances in long-term deep-ocean borehole observatories for hydrologic, geodetic, and seismic monitoring. Marine Technology Society Journal 52(5):74–86, https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.52.5.4.
  9. Fisher, A.T., and C.G. Wheat. 2010. Seamounts as conduits for massive fluid, heat, and solute fluxes on ridge flanks. Oceanography 23(1):74–87, https://doi.org/​10.5670/oceanog.2010.63.
  10. Fulton, P.M., E.E. Brodsky, Y. Kano, J. Mori, F. Chester, T. Ishikawa, R.N. Harris, W. Lin, S. Toczko, and Expedition 343, 343T, and KR13-08 Scientists. 2013. Low coseismic friction on the Tōhoku-oki fault determined from temperature measurements. Science 342:1,214–1,217, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243641.
  11. Fulton, P.M., and E.E. Brodsky. 2016. In situ observations of earthquake-driven fluid pulses within the Japan Trench plate boundary fault zone. Geology 44:851–854, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38034.1.
  12. Fulton, P.M., E. Brodsky, J.J. Mori, and F.M. Chester. 2019. Tōhoku-oki fault zone frictional heat measured during IODP Expeditions 343 and 343T. Oceanography 32(1):102–104, https://doi.org/​10.5670/oceanog.2019.129.
  13. Jannasch, H.W., C.G. Wheat, J.N. Plant, M. Kastner, and D.S. Stakes. 2004. Continuous chemical monitoring with osmotically pumped water samplers: OsmoSampler design and applications. Limnology and Oceanography 2(4):102–113, https://doi.org/​10.4319/lom.2004.2.102.
  14. Jungbluth, S.P., R.M. Bowers, H.-T. Lin, J.P. Cowen, and M.S. Rappe. 2016. Novel microbial assemblages inhabiting crustal fluids within mid-ocean ridge flank subsurface basalt. The ISME Journal 10:2,033–2,047, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.248.
  15. Kawatsu, H., P. Kumar, Y. Takei, M. Shinohara, T. Kanazawa, E. Araki, and K. Suyehiro. 2009. Seismic evidence for sharp lithosphere-​asthenosphere boundaries for oceanic plates. Science 324:499–502, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1169499.
  16. Kinoshita, C., and D.M. Saffer. 2018. In situ permeability and scale dependence of an active accretionary prism determined from cross-borehole experiments. Geophysical Research Letters 45:6,935–6,943, https://doi.org/​10.1029/​2018GL078304.
  17. Kopf, A., D.M. Saffer, E.E. Davis, S. Hammerschmidt, A. Labonte, R. Meldrum, S. Toczko, R. Lauer, M. Heesemann, R. Macdonald, and others. 2011. The Smartplug and Genius Plug: Simple retrievable observatory systems for NanTroSEIZE borehole monitoring. In Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, vol. 332. A. Kopf, E. Araki, S, Tozcko, and the Expedition 332 Scientists, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc., Tokyo, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.332.105.2011.
  18. Kopf, A., T. Freudenthal, V. Ratmeyer, M. Bergenthal, M. Lange, T. Fleischmann, S. Hammerschmidt, C. Seiter, and G. Wefer. 2015. Simple, affordable, and sustainable borehole observatories for complex monitoring objectives. Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 4:99–109, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-4-99-2015.
  19. McGuire, J.J., J.A. Collins, E. Davis, K. Becker, and M. Heesemann. 2018. A lack of dynamic triggering of slow slip and tremor indicates that the shallow Cascadia megathrust offshore Vancouver Island is likely locked. Geophysical Research Letters 45:11,095–11,103, https://doi.org/​10.1029/2018GL079519.
  20. Meyer, J.L., U. Jaekel, B.J. Tully, B.T. Glazer, C.G. Wheat, H.-T. Lin, C.-C. Hsieh, J.P. Cowen, S.M. Hulme, P.R. Girguis, and J.A. Huber. 2016. A distinct and active bacterial community in cold oxygenated fluids circulating beneath the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Scientific Reports 6, 22541, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22541.
  21. Neira, N.M., J.F. Clark, A.T. Fisher, C.G. Wheat, R.M. Haymon, and K. Becker. 2016. Cross-hole tracer experiment reveals rapid fluid flow in the upper ocean crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 450:355–365, https://doi.org/10.1016/​j.epsl.2016.06.048.
  22. Nigro, O.D., S.P. Jungbluth, H.-T. Lin, C.-C. Hsieh, J.A. Miranda, C.R. Schvarcz, M.S. Rappe, and G.F. Steward. 2017. Viruses in the oceanic basement. mBio 8(2):e02129-16, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02129-16.
  23. Orcutt, B.N., and K.J. Edwards. 2014. Life in the ocean crust: Lessons from subseafloor observatories. Pp. 175–195 in Earth and Life Processes Discovered from Subseafloor Environments, Developments in Marine Geology, vol. 7. R. Stein, D. Blackman, F. Inagaki, and H.C. Larsen, eds, Elsevier.
  24. Saffer, D., A. Kopf, S. Toczko, E. Araki, S. Carr, T. Kimura, C. Kinoshita, R. Kobayashi, Y. Machida, A. Rösner, and L.M. Wallace. 2017. Expedition 365 methods. In NanTroSEIZE Stage 3: Shallow Megasplay Long-Term Borehole Monitoring System. D. Saffer, A. Kopf, S. Tocko, and the Expedition 365 Scientists, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, vol. 365, College Station, TX, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.365.2017.
  25. Screaton, E.J., B. Carson, E. Davis, and K. Becker. 2000. Permeability of a decollement zone: Results from a two-well experiment in the Barbados accretionary complex. Journal of Geophysical Research 105:21,403–21,410, https://doi.org/​10.1029/2000JB900220.
  26. Shah Walter, S.R., U. Jaekel, H. Osterholz, A.T. Fisher, J.A. Huber, A. Pearson, T. Dittmar, and P.R. Girguis. 2018. Microbial decomposition of marine dissolved organic matter in cool oceanic crust. Nature Geoscience 11:334–339, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0109-5.
  27. Solomon, E.A., M. Kastner, G. Wheat, H.W. Jannasch, G. Robertson, E.E. Davis, and J.D. Morris. 2009. Long-term hydrogeochemical records in the oceanic basement and forearc prism at the Costa Rica subduction zone. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 282(1–4):240–251, https://doi.org/10.1016/​j.epsl.2009.03.022.
  28. Wallace, L.M., M.J. Ikari, D.M. Saffer, and H. Kitajima. 2019. Slow motion earthquakes: Taking the pulse of slow slip with scientific ocean drilling. Oceanography 32(1):106–118, https://doi.org/​10.5670/oceanog.2019.131.
  29. Wheat, C.G., H.W. Jannasch, M. Kastner, J.N. Plant, and E. DeCarlo. 2003. Seawater transport in the upper oceanic basement: Chemical data from continuous monitoring of sealed boreholes in a ridge flank environment. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 216:549–564, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00549-1.
  30. Wheat, C.G., H.W. Jannasch, M. Kastner, S.M. Hulme, J.P. Cowen, K.J. Edwards, B.N. Orcutt, and B.T. Glazer. 2011. Fluid sampling from oceanic borehole observatories: Design and methods for CORK activities (1990–2010). In Proceedings Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, vol. 327. A.T. Fisher, T. Tsuji, K. Petronotis, and the Expedition 327 Scientists, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc., Tokyo, https://doi.org/​10.2204/iodp.proc.327.109.2011.
  31. Wheat, C.G., K.J. Edwards, T. Pettigrew, H.W. Jannasch, K. Becker, E.E. Davis, H. Villinger, and W. Bach. 2012. CORK-Lite: Bringing legacy boreholes back to life. Scientific Drilling 14:39–43, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.14.05.2012.
Copyright & Usage

This is an open access article made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format as long as users cite the materials appropriately, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate the changes that were made to the original content. Images, animations, videos, or other third-party material used in articles are included in the Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If the material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission directly from the license holder to reproduce the material.