Since the late 1990s there has been a growing impetus for a comprehensive global study of the marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs). This has led to the development of a research program known as GEOTRACES.

Anderson, R.F., and G.M. Henderson. 2005. Program update: GEOTRACES—A Global study of the marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes. Oceanography 18(3):76–79, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2005.31.

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