As GODAE ocean forecast systems progress, their contributions toward improving the safety and efficiency of operations at sea will increase. In this article, we review present uses of GODAE ocean forecast systems for various safety applications at sea, including search and rescue drift calculations, iceberg drift calculations, ice cover prediction, and safety of offshore operations. Additionally, we review how various countries presently use safety and decision support tools that incorporate ocean current forecasts.

Davidson, F.J.M., A. Allen, G.B. Brassington, Ø. Breivik, P. Daniel, M. Kamachi, S. Sato, B. King, F. Lefevre, M. Sutton, and H. Kaneko. 2009. Applications of GODAE ocean current forecasts to search and rescue and ship routing. Oceanography 22(3):176–181, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.76.

Allen, A.A. 2005. Leeway Divergence. US Coast Guard Research and Development Report CG-D-05-05, 128 pp. Available online at: http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/
oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&
identifier=ADA435435 (accessed June 10, 2009).

Barron, C.N., A.B. Kara, P.J. Martin, L.F. Smedstad, and R.C. Rhodes. 2006. Validation of interannual simulations from the 1/8 deg global Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM). Ocean Modelling 11:376–398.

Barron, C.N., L.F. Smedstad, J.M. Datugue, and O.M. Smedstad. 2007. Evaluation of ocean models using observed and simulated drifter trajectories: Impact of sea surface height on synthetic profiles for data assimilation. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, C07019, doi:10.1029/2006JC003982.

Brassington, G.B., T. Pugh, C. Spillman, E. Schulz, H. Beggs, A. Schiller, and P.R. Oke. 2007a. BLUElink> Development of operational oceanography and servicing in Australia. Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology 39:151–164.

Brassington, G.B., N. Summons, G. Ball, and L. Cowen. 2007b. East Australian Current and Tasman Sea pilot surface drifting buoy experiment. BMRC Research Letter 6:21–25. Available online at: http://www.bom.gov.au/bmrc/pubs/researchletter/reslett_06.pdf (accessed June 10, 2009).

Breivik, Ø, and A.A. Allen. 2008. An operational search and rescue model for the Norwegian Sea and the North Sea. Journal of Marine Systems 69(1–2):99–113.

Eide, M.S., Ø. Endresen, O.W. Brude, P.O. Brett, Ø. Breivik, I.H. Ellingsen, K. Røang, and J. Hauge. 2007. Prevention of oil spill from shipping by modelling of dynamic risk. Marine Pollution Bulletin 54:1,619–1,633.

Hackett, B., Ø. Breivik, and C. Wettre. 2006. Forecasting the drift of objects and substances in the ocean. Pp. 507–524 in Ocean Weather Forecasting: An Integrated View of Oceanography. E.P. Chassignet and J. Verron, eds, Springer.

Kamachi, M., T. Kuragano, S. Sugimoto, K. Yoshita, T. Sakurai, T. Nakano, N. Usui, and F. Uboldi. 2004. Short-range prediction experiments with operational data assimilation system for the Kuroshio south of Japan. Journal of Oceanography 60:269–282.

Kaneko, H., T. Tauchi, and H. Minematsu. 2009. An accuracy validation of JMA oil spill model by using ocean current data of MOVE/MRI.COM-WNP. Weather Service Bulletin, No.76 (Special Issue): S121–S127 (in Japanese).

Oke, P.R., G.B. Brassington, D.A. Griffin, and A. Schiller. 2008. The Bluelink ocean data assimilation system (BODAS). Ocean Modelling 21:46–70.

Pellerin, P., H. Ritchie, F.J. Saucier, F. Roy, S. Desjardins, M. Valin, and V. Lee. 2004. Impact of a two-way coupling between an atmospheric and ocean-ice model over the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Monthly Weather Review 132(6):1,379–1,398.

Schiller, A., P.R. Oke, G.B. Brassington, M. Entel, R. Fiedler, D.A. Griffin, and J. Mansbridge. 2008. Eddy-resolving ocean circulation in the Asian-Australian region inferred from an ocean reanalysis effort. Progress in Oceanography 76:334–365.

Wessel, P., and W.H.F. Smith. 1996. A global self-consistent, hierarchical, high-resolution shoreline database. Journal of Geophysical 101:8,741–8,743. 

Usui, N., H. Tsujino, Y. Fujii, and M. Kamachi. 2006. Short-range prediction experiments of the Kuroshio path variabilities south of Japan. Ocean Dynamics 56:607–662.

This is an open access article made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format as long as users cite the materials appropriately, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate the changes that were made to the original content. Images, animations, videos, or other third-party material used in articles are included in the Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If the material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission directly from the license holder to reproduce the material.